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How Do I Know If I Have a Sting Allergy?

Your doctor can determine if you are allergic to bee and wasp stings with a simple skin test, using purified, freeze-dried venom. However, only about 20% of people with a positive skin test suffer severe reactions to a sting.

What Are the Treatments?

For most stings, minimal treatment such as a cold compress or ice pack, is sufficient. If you have multiple stings or a severe allergic reaction, you need medical help at once.

For pain, take aspirin or acetaminophen. For strong reactions, try diphenhydramine or another nonprescription antihistamine.

For children, use cough medicine containing antihistamine or children's diphenhydramine.

For anaphylactic shock, the usual treatment is the bronchodilator epinephrine. You may give yourself an injection from a bee-sting kit; but after the injection, see a doctor promptly for further treatment. (Note: Most bee-sting kits are designed for adults; for children, read the directions and ask your doctor.)

How Can I Prevent a Sting Reaction?

To avoid sting-induced shock if you are allergic, carry a bee-sting kit (be sure you know how to administer a self-injection). You should also wear a Medic Alert bracelet or necklace describing your allergy.

If you have had a severe reaction to a sting and a positive venom skin test, venom immunotherapy — a series of weekly shots of venom — works well to prevent anaphylaxis.

Reduce your chances of being stung by avoiding brightly colored, white, or pastel clothing. Don't use cosmetics or perfume with floral scents. Food odors attract insects, especially yellow jackets, so be alert when you are cooking or eating outdoors.